This trial tested the effectiveness of 2 RUSF in rural village mothers over 12 weeks. Mothers were randomly assigned to receive 5 days a week either 92g sachets providing 500 kcal and either 15% or 33% of protein from a dairy source, or to a control group that received no supplements. Weight, height, mid upper arm circumference (MUAC), hemoglobin, and retinol-binding protein (RBP) were measured at baseline and endline. Randomization to either of the intervention groups resulted in improvements in maternal weight, height, body-mass-index (BMI), and MUAC. The intervention was correlated with reduction in self-reported sick days. Mothers in the intervention groups experienced a smaller decrease in hemoglobin compared to control mothers. Overall, the supplementation may be helpful in improving anthropometric status, preventing iron status decline, and reducing number of sick days in non-pregnant mothers.